The UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) conducts various civil services exams in India. The syllabus for each exam can vary slightly, but generally includes the following subjects: General Studies Paper 1: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society, Polity and Governance, Economic and Social Development, Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, and Climate Change. General Studies Paper 2: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations. General Studies Paper 3: Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management. General Studies Paper 4: Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude. Optional Subject: Candidates can choose one optional subject from a list of subjects provided by UPSC. The syllabus for each subject is different. Essay: Candidates are required to write two essays on topics provided by UPSC. Note that this is a general outline of the UPSC syllabus and may vary based on the specific exam being conducted